Bivalves, the Twin-Shelled Mollusks

Bivalves are a group of mollusks that includes clams, scallops, oysters, mussels, razor shells, cockles, venus shells, borers, trough shells and many others (some of which live in the deep sea and have yet to be identified). Bivalves are the second most diverse group of mollusks, ranking only behind  gastropods in number of species. Bivalves are so named for their paired shells. The shells of a bivalve consists of  two halves, mirror images of one another, that are joined at one edge by a flexible hinge. Each half is asymmetrical and rounded, so that when its closed against its opposite number, this forms a domed space near the hinged edge of the shell that accommodates the bulk of the bivalves body and narrows towards the edge of the shell that opens. (Bear in mind that although most bivalves have paired shells, a few species either have drastically reduced shells or no shells at all.) Bivalves live in marine and freshwater habitats; the most diverse, consisting of 80 percent of all species, live in ocean habitats. These invertebrates have four different lifestyles: epifaunal, infaunal, boring and free-moving. Epifaunal bivalves attach themselves to hard surfaces and remain in the same spot for their entire lives. Epifaunal bivalves, such as oysters, adhere to surfaces using either cementation or byssal threads (sticky chitinous threads secreted by a gland in the foot). Infaunal bivalves bury themselves in sand or sediment on the seafloor or in riverbeds; they have thin, soft shells armed with hard tips, and they bore into solid surfaces such as wood or rock. Free-moving bivalves, such as scallops, use their muscular single feet to dig into sand and soft sediments; they can also move through the water by opening and closing their valves. Most bivalves have a pair of large gills  located in their mantle cavity. These gills enable the bivalves both to extract oxygen from the water (in order to breathe) and to capture food; water rich in oxygen and microorganisms is drawn into the mantle cavity and washes through the gills. In species that burrow, a long siphon extends to the surface to take in water; mucus on the gills helps capture food and cilia transfer the food particles to the mouth.   Bivalves have mouths, hearts, intestine, gills, stomachs and siphons, but do not have heads, radulae or jaws. These mollusks possess abductor muscles that, when contracted, hold the two halves of their shells closed. Bivalves are also equipped with a muscular foot, which in many species, such as clams, is used to anchor their bodies to the substrate or to dig down into the sand. The bivalve fossils  date back to the Early Cambrian period.  During the ensuing Ordovician, bivalves diversified in terms of both number of species and the variety of ecological niches occupied. Species Diversity Approximately 9,200 species Classification Bivalves are classified within the following taxonomic hierarchy: Animals Invertebrates Mollusks Bivalves Bivalves are divided into the following taxonomic groups: ProtobranchiaPteriomorpha - This group includes animals such as scallops, oysters, pearl oysters, mussels, arcs and various other familiesAnomalodesmataRostroconchiaHeterodontaPalaeoheterodonta Edited on February 10, 2017 by Bob Strauss

What Everybody Dislikes About How to Write a Good Essay about Yourself and Why

What Everybody Dislikes About How to Write a Good Essay about Yourself and Why What You Should Do to Find Out About How to Write a Good Essay about Yourself Before You're Left Behind Possessing a proposal if it's not backed by facts is useless. You ought to make your argument as clear and specific as possible. Take into consideration how you could make an argument about Taco Bell. Your thesis summarizes the argument you're going to be making in your paper, so you wish to ensure your point of view is very clear and debatable. You will not discover a thesis statement generator on the internet that can make an original argument which will not bore the reader. You are requested to convince your reader of your standpoint. Your reader won't be in a position to discern the point of the statement, and will likely quit reading. The Fight Against How to Write a Good Essay about Yourself How to Apply for jobs Many individuals don't have any clue about ways to locate jobs. Keeping up a marriage over the course of many decades (or more) can be quite hard work. The same is true with purchasing and selling a house. Individuals must learn how to develop decent credit for themselves. What How to Write a Good Essay about Yourself Is - and What it Is Not Purposely narrowing down your thesis statement means you're concentrating your argument on a certain aspect. An over generalised and superficial thesis is an indication you don't have anything significant to improve a topic or your topic is too broad to get started with. A thesis is the consequence of a prolonged thinking procedure. Usually, the thesis stipulates the datable point that you wish to spell out through your composition. Writing in college often requires the shape of persuasionconvincing others that you've got an interesting, logical viewpoint on the subject you're studying. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about an approaching deadline. Many students usually find it tough to create their essays worth reading due to their writing lacks adequacy and focus. Students who are prepared to research, is rejected on the grounds of an inappropriate thesis statement! The How to Write a Good Essay about Yourself Pitfall So, it's an excellent possiblity to check whether you've written everything according to grammar rules or not. Our writers come from a selection of profes sional backgrounds. While it may not be the absolute most poetic phrasing in the planet, it does two important things. If nothing works best, it's a terrific concept to approach the internet service portals such a universityhomeworkhelp.com. How to Write a Good Essay about Yourself: the Ultimate Convenience! If you don't have an idea what an essay depicting your person should include, you might get inspired by somebody else. Additionally, a terrific thesis statement is instrumental in enabling you to confine your academic assignments so you don't wander off into trivia or wind up with an octopus kind of an assignment that's too wide to exhaust. Bear in mind, your private essay might be the truth, but it doesn't indicate you shouldn't consider it from a creative writing mindset. Therefore, for your convenience, you have a superb chance to monitor the advancement of the assigned writer and make sure an essay will be ready in a timely way. The Hidden Gem of How to Write a Good Essay about Yourself You may also think of an ending that mirrors the start of your essay. You are going to be able to fine tune the tone of your essay as soon as you know who you're writing for. There are a number of ways to find a great thesis statement. You may also end things by briefly summarizing the critical points you made throughout your essay, but you should be cautious not to simply recap precisely what you've already said. There's, obviously, a limit on the variety of pages even our finest writers can produce with a pressing deadline, but generally, we can satisfy all the clients seeking urgent assistance. Once you've got an argument, have a stance as a way to show total support. It's also required to take care so you do not frame it in a way that's confrontational or combative. What works for a single person may just throw up roadblocks for the next individual. When you ask us to compose my research paper, we'll do it right, which not just includes fluent con tent but in addition formatting. You don't need to go through the laborious procedure of locating a publisher, you are able to just upload it to your favourite social website. In order to comprehend how a personal essay appears like, you ought to go through few successful samples. Order top-notch essay at the moment and certified specialists will do their very best to supply you with higher quality at fair price. Facts, Fiction and How to Write a Good Essay about Yourself Therefore, when you have a few really great life stories to share, don't hesitate to do it. The beauty is that can just have one done at one time. If you discover that your personal experiences aren't relatable to the readers but is definitely linked to your topic, make certain to narrate it into a manner a mental picture would appear in the minds of your readers. Besides the simple fact that writing personal experiences are rather easy to write, it's also a manner of building connections and relations with your readers. The standard of any writing is equally as good or bad as its writer. You'll discover argumentative writing help. Slowly ideas will begin to generate in your head that it is possible to utilize to compose your own book. It's important to get a concept of what you're going to be writing about in addition to a very clear outline. You can depend on the very best essay help online. Our website is just one of the most appropriate for essay help. The actual men and women highly praise our essay help site. What You Don't Know About How to Write a Good Essay about Yourself The entire essay writing procedure is made even more difficult once the subject of the essay is personal and about yourself! The principal question of all students who must compose a reflective or private essay is whether it's possible to think of such kind of academic paper without sounding too egotistical. A superior precise opinion is critical to the reader's comprehension of the aim of the essay. Now you have a topic for your paper, think about what you would like to say regarding the topic.

Project Planning Free Essays

ISM 654 Case – DU Singer Hospital Products Corp. (Adapted from Meredith and Mantel) D. U. We will write a custom essay sample on Project Planning or any similar topic only for you Order Now Singer Hospital Products Corp. has done sufficient new product development at the research and development level to estimate a high likelihood of technical success for a product of assured commercial success: A long-term antiseptic. Management has instructed Singer’s Antiseptic Division to make a market entry at the earliest possible time; they have requested a complete plan up to the startup of production. Project responsibility is assigned to the division’s research and development group; Mike Richards, the project scientist who developed the product is assigned responsibility for project management. Assistance will be required from other parts of the company: Packaging task force, RD group, Corporate engineering, and Corporate purchasing. Mike was concerned about the scope of the project. He knew from his own experience that a final formula had yet to be developed, although such development was really a â€Å"routine† function. The remaining questions had to do with color, odor, and consistency additives rather than any performance-related modification. Fortunately, the major regulatory issues had been resolved and he believed that submission of regulatory documentation would be followed by rapid approval as they already had a letter of approval contingent on final documentation. Mike was concerned about defining the project unambiguously. To that end, he obtained an interview with S. L. Mander, the group vice-president. When he asked Mander where his responsibility should end, the executive turned the question back to him. Mike had been prepared for this and said that he would like to regard his part of the project as done when the production process could be turned over to manufacturing. They agreed that according to Singer practice, this would be when the manufacturing operation could produce a 95% yield of product (fully packaged) at a level of 80% of the full production goal of 10 million liters per year. But I want you to remember,† said Mander, â€Å"that you must meet all current FDA, EPA, and OSHA regulations and you must be in compliance with our internal specification – the one I have got is dated September and is RD78/965. And you know that manufacturing now – quite rightly, I feel – insists on fully documented procedures. † After this discussion, Mike felt that he had enough information about this aspect to start to pin down what had to be done to achiev e these results. His first step in this effort was to meet with P. H. Docent, the director of research. You are naive if you think that you can just start right in finalizing the formula,† said Docent. You must first develop a product rationale (a). This is a formally defined process according to company policy. Marketing expects inputs at this stage, manufacturing expects its voice heard, and you will have to have approvals from every unit of the company that is involved. You should have no trouble if you do your homework, expect to spend a good eight weeks to get this done. † â€Å"That certainly stretches things out,† said Mike. I expected to take 12 weeks to develop the ingredient formula (b) and you know that I can’t start to establish product specifications (c ) until the formula is complete. That’s another 3 weeks. † â€Å"Yes, but while you are working on the product specifications you can get going on the regulatory documentation (d). Full internal specifications are not required for that work, but you can’t start those documents until the formula is complete. † â€Å"Yes, and I find it hard to believe that we can push through both preparation of documents and getting approval in 3 weeks, but Environmental swears it can be done. â€Å"Oh, it can be done in this case because of the preparatory work. Of course, I won’t say that this estimate of 3 weeks is as certain as our other estimates. All we need is a change of staff at the Agency and we are in trouble. But once you have both the specifications, and the approval, you can immediately start on developing the processing system (g). † â€Å"Yes, and how I wish we could get a lead on that, but the designers say that there is too much uncertainty and they won’t move until they have both specifications and regulatory documentation and approval. They are offering pretty fast response; six weeks from start to finish for the processing system. † â€Å"They are a good crew, Mike. And of course, you know that you don’t have to delay on starting the packaging segment of this project. You can start developing the packaging concept (e) just as soon as the product rationale has been developed. If my experience is any judge, it will take a full eight weeks; you’ll have to work to keep the process from running forever. † â€Å"But as soon as that is finished we can start on the design of the package and its materials (f) which usually takes about six weeks. Once that is done we can start on the packaging system (h) which shouldn’t take longer than eight weeks,† concluded Mike. At this point he realized that although Docent would have general knowledge, he needed to talk directly to the Director of Manufacturing. â€Å"The first step, which follows the completion of the development of processing and packaging systems,† said the Director of Manufacturing, â€Å"is to do a complete study of the facilities requirements (i). You won’t be able to get that done in less than four weeks. And that must precede the preparation of the capital equipment list (j) which should take about three-quarters as long. Of course, as soon as both the process system and packaging system are completed, you could start on preparing the written manufacturing procedures (q). † â€Å"But, said Mike, â€Å"Can I really finish the procedures before I have installed and constructed the facilities (p)? † â€Å"No, quite right. What you can do is get the first phase done, but the last phase will have to wait for the installation and construction. â€Å"Then this means that I really have two phases for the writing, that which can be completed without the installation and construction (q), which will take seven weeks, and that which has to wait for those inputs (q? ) which will require 3 weeks. † â€Å"True. Now you realize that the last thing you have to do is to run the equipment in a pilot test  ® which will show that you have reached a satisfactory level? † â €Å"Yes. Since that must include debugging, I’ve estimated a six-week period as adequate. † The director of manufacturing assented. Mike continued, â€Å"What I’m not sure of is whether we can run all the installation tasks in parallel. â€Å" How to cite Project Planning, Essay examples